{"id":25236,"date":"2022-12-12T04:42:11","date_gmt":"2022-12-12T01:42:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/?p=25236"},"modified":"2022-12-12T04:42:11","modified_gmt":"2022-12-12T01:42:11","slug":"otnosytelnj-y-absolyutnj-put-v-linux-v-chem-raznycza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/otnosytelnj-y-absolyutnj-put-v-linux-v-chem-raznycza\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0412\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0443 Linux: \u0443 \u0447\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044f?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0410\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0456 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0438 &#8211; \u0446\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443 \u0432 Linux. \u0410\u043b\u0435 \u0432 \u0447\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0446\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0445? \u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0437&#8217;\u044f\u0441\u0443\u0454\u043c\u043e.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"relative-and-absolute-paths-in-linux\">\u0412\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0456 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0438 \u0432 Linux<\/h2>\n<p>\u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 Linux, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443 \u044f\u043a cd \u0430\u0431\u043e ls, \u0432\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u0456\u0441\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0432 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443, \u0430\u0431\u043e, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447 Linux, \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0443. \u0423 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443, \u0443 Linux \u0454 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443: \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"absolute-path-expressions\">\u0412\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443<\/h3>\n<p>\u0410\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0436\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0456\u043d\u0447\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043c \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u0456\u0454\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0457, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u00a0<strong>\/myfolder\/folder2\u00a0<\/strong>\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443\u00a0<strong>\/var\/www\u00a0<\/strong>\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443, \u0432\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">\/&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-keyword&quot;&gt;var&lt;\/span&gt;\/www\/myfolder\/folder2<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>&#8230;\u0434\u0435 <strong>\/<\/strong>\u00a0\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0432 Linux.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"absolute-path-expressions\">\u0412\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u00a0\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443<\/h3>\n<p>\u0412\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445 (\u0437\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433) \u044f\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0456\u043d\u044c \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0443. \u042f\u043a \u0432\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438, \u0446\u0435 &#8220;\u0449\u043e\u0434\u043e&#8221; \u0456\u0441\u043d\u0443\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443 \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0456.<\/p>\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0435\u00a0<strong>\/var\/www\u00a0<\/strong>\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u00a0<strong>\/myfolder\/folder2<\/strong>, \u0432\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">.\/myfolder\/folder2<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>&#8230;\u0434\u0435 <strong>.<\/strong> \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433, \u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c. \u0412\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u0456\u043c \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 (.), \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 (..) \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433.<\/p>\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e, \u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438\/www \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0456 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0432:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">\/&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-keyword&quot;&gt;var&lt;\/span&gt;\/www\/myfolder\/folder2<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443. \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u00a0<strong>\/www<\/strong>, \u0442\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u044f\u043a\u00a0..\u00a0\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u00a0\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u00a0<strong>\/var<\/strong>\u00a0. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0456 <strong>\/var<\/strong> \u0454 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u00a0<strong>\/random\u00a0<\/strong>, \u0434\u043e \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0456\u00a0<strong>\/var\/www<\/strong>, \u0432\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">..\/random<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ad-odd\"><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"absolute-vs-relative-which-path-expression-is-better\">\u0410\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0439?<\/h2>\n<p>\u0425\u043e\u0447\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0441, \u044f\u043a \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f&#8217;\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0456\u0441\u043d\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c\u043e\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u0412\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0454 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>\u042f\u043a \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e\u0454 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0456 Linux, \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0443\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443. \u0422\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443 \u0454 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043e\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0432 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044c.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"25237\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/otnosytelnj-y-absolyutnj-put-v-linux-v-chem-raznycza\/01-98\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/01-1.png?fit=1680%2C840&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1680,840\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"01\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/01-1.png?fit=300%2C150&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/01-1.png?fit=1024%2C512&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-25237 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/01-1.png?resize=1290%2C645&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1290\" height=\"645\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/01-1.png?w=1680&amp;ssl=1 1680w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/01-1.png?resize=300%2C150&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/01-1.png?resize=1024%2C512&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/01-1.png?resize=768%2C384&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/01-1.png?resize=1536%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1290px) 100vw, 1290px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1290px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1290\/645;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0412\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0456, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0448\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f&#8217;\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432. \u0421\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\/\u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0456 Linux. \u0423\u044f\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0446\u0435 \u0456 \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b, \u0449\u043e \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433. \u0411\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0437 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0437 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0442\u044c, \u043e\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\/\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443.<\/p>\n<p>\u0429\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0449\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443, \u0446\u0435 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0447\u0430\u0441, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438 \u0456\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p>\u0404\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u2014 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0456 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0432&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0410\u043b\u0435 \u0446\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0447\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443; \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0456\u0432, \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0456\u0454\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0457 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0432 Linux. \u0412\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 tree, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0432 Linux \u0456 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ad-even\"><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"understanding-the-linux-directory-hierarchy\">\u0420\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0456\u0454\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0457 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0432 Linux<\/h2>\n<p>\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0432 Linux \u0454 \u0441\u043f\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0432\u0441\u0456\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0456\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0456 Linux. \u0412\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443, \u044f\u043a ls \u0430\u0431\u043e tree, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0434\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f&#8217;\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0410\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430 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\u0437&#8217;\u044f\u0441\u0443\u0454\u043c\u043e. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0456 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0438 \u0432 Linux \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 Linux, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443 \u044f\u043a cd \u0430\u0431\u043e 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