![](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wiki.dieg.info\/_media\/process_stdin_stdout_stderr_return-code.png?w=1290&ssl=1\")
<\/p>\n\u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 Linux, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n
\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/span><\/h2>\n\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0438\u00a0\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445:<\/p>\n
\n- \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c;<\/li>\n
- \u0421\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0445 – \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445;<\/li>\n
- \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 – \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0412 Linux \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 linux – \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b. \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430:<\/p>\n
\n- STDIN \u0438\u043b\u0438 0<\/strong>\u00a0– \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430;<\/li>\n
- STDOUT \u0438\u043b\u0438 1<\/strong>\u00a0– \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b. \u041e\u043d \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u0442\u043e \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430;<\/li>\n
- STDERR \u0438\u043b\u0438 2<\/strong>\u00a0– \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \/ \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0438 \u0442 \u0434. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u00a0“<“<\/strong>\u00a0\u0438\u00a0“>”<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b<\/span><\/h2>\n\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e. \u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 >. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b top:<\/p>\n
top -bn 5 > top.log<\/code><\/p>\n![](\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\")
<\/p>\n
\u041e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f -b \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435, \u0430 n – \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0431\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0445. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e cat:<\/p>\n
cat top.log<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u0421\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u00a0“>”<\/strong>\u00a0\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043c \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435\u00a0“>>”<\/strong>. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b linux \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f top:<\/p>\ntop -bn 5 >> top.log<\/code><\/p>\n\u041f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041d\u043e \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442:<\/p>\n
top -bn 5 1>top.log<\/code><\/p>\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b<\/span><\/h2>\n\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a – \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 2. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f ls \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443:<\/p>\n
ls -l \/root\/<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0442\u0430\u043a:<\/p>\n
ls -l \/root\/ 2> ls-error.log
\n$ cat ls-error.log<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b:<\/p>\n
ls -l \/root\/ 2>>ls-error.log<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b<\/span><\/h2>\n\u0412\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445, \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0439, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430:<\/p>\n
ls -l \/root\/ >ls-error.log 2>&1<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b ls \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b ls-error.log c \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438. \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435:<\/p>\n
ls -l \/root\/ &> ls-error.log<\/code><\/p>\n\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438:<\/p>\n
ls -l \/root\/ &>> ls-error.log<\/code><\/p>\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430<\/span><\/h2>\n\u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c, \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434. \u041f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b. \u041d\u043e \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u00a0“<“<\/strong>:<\/p>\ncat <domains.list<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u0412\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a:<\/p>\n
sort sort.output<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u043c\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 linux.<\/p>\n
\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439<\/span><\/h2>\n\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043c \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432:<\/p>\n
ls -lt | head -n 5<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u0421 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b xargs \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043a:<\/p>\n
echo test\/ tmp\/ | xargs -n 1 cp -v testfile.sh<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 -n 1 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440, \u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f -v \u0432 cp \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u0415\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 – \u044d\u0442\u043e tee. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440:<\/p>\n
echo "\u0422\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b tee" | tee file1<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u0412 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c – \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 Linux. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435, \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1501,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[211],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12694","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-terminal"],"blocksy_meta":[],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"uk","enabled_languages":["ru","uk"],"languages":{"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"yoast_head":"\n
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https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/how-to-use-the-fd-command-in-linux-%E2%80%98find-alternative.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":12856,"url":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/proverka-zhestkogo-diska-na-plokhie-sektora-i-bloki-v-linux\/","url_meta":{"origin":12694,"position":3},"title":"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0445\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0432 Linux","author":"ViGo","date":"2015-08-30","format":false,"excerpt":"\u041f\u043b\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\/\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a - \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 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"\u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438"","block_context":{"text":"\u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438","link":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/terminal\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":18997,"url":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/shho-take-demon\/","url_meta":{"origin":12694,"position":4},"title":"\u0429\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d?","author":"FOX","date":"2021-10-07","format":false,"excerpt":"{:ru}\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0434\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0432\u044b, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d \"\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\". \u041d\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435? \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d - \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 Unix, \u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \"\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\" - \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e, 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"\u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438"","block_context":{"text":"\u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438","link":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/terminal\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"kisspng-bsd-daemon-berkeley-software-distribution-freebsd-freebsd-vakanzi-clipart-5d1698da8a9f65.9635690415617620105678","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/kisspng-bsd-daemon-berkeley-software-distribution-freebsd-freebsd-vakanzi-clipart-5d1698da8a9f65.9635690415617620105678.jpg?fit=900%2C580&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/kisspng-bsd-daemon-berkeley-software-distribution-freebsd-freebsd-vakanzi-clipart-5d1698da8a9f65.9635690415617620105678.jpg?fit=900%2C580&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/kisspng-bsd-daemon-berkeley-software-distribution-freebsd-freebsd-vakanzi-clipart-5d1698da8a9f65.9635690415617620105678.jpg?fit=900%2C580&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/kisspng-bsd-daemon-berkeley-software-distribution-freebsd-freebsd-vakanzi-clipart-5d1698da8a9f65.9635690415617620105678.jpg?fit=900%2C580&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":24132,"url":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/10-najnebezpechnishyh-komand-yaki-nikoly-ne-slid-vykonuvaty-v-linux\/","url_meta":{"origin":12694,"position":5},"title":"10 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043d\u0456\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432 Linux","author":"walle9054","date":"2022-09-23","format":false,"excerpt":"{:ru}\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u2014 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Linux. \u041e\u043d \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430. \u0425\u043e\u0442\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439, \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c. \u0412\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 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2x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12694","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1501"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12694"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12694\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12694"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12694"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12694"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u0412 Linux \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 linux – \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b. \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430:<\/p>\n
- \n
- STDIN \u0438\u043b\u0438 0<\/strong>\u00a0– \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430;<\/li>\n
- STDOUT \u0438\u043b\u0438 1<\/strong>\u00a0– \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b. \u041e\u043d \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u0442\u043e \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430;<\/li>\n
- STDERR \u0438\u043b\u0438 2<\/strong>\u00a0– \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \/ \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0438 \u0442 \u0434. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u00a0“<“<\/strong>\u00a0\u0438\u00a0“>”<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e. \u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 >. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b top:<\/p>\n
top -bn 5 > top.log<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u041e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f -b \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435, \u0430 n – \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0431\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0445. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e cat:<\/p>\n
cat top.log<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u0421\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u00a0“>”<\/strong>\u00a0\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043c \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435\u00a0“>>”<\/strong>. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b linux \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f top:<\/p>\n
top -bn 5 >> top.log<\/code><\/p>\n\u041f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041d\u043e \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442:<\/p>\n
top -bn 5 1>top.log<\/code><\/p>\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a – \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 2. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f ls \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443:<\/p>\n
ls -l \/root\/<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0442\u0430\u043a:<\/p>\n
ls -l \/root\/ 2> ls-error.log
\n$ cat ls-error.log<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b:<\/p>\n
ls -l \/root\/ 2>>ls-error.log<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0412\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445, \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0439, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430:<\/p>\n
ls -l \/root\/ >ls-error.log 2>&1<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b ls \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b ls-error.log c \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438. \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435:<\/p>\n
ls -l \/root\/ &> ls-error.log<\/code><\/p>\n\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438:<\/p>\n
ls -l \/root\/ &>> ls-error.log<\/code><\/p>\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c, \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434. \u041f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b. \u041d\u043e \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u00a0“<“<\/strong>:<\/p>\n
cat <domains.list<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u0412\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a:<\/p>\n
sort sort.output<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u043c\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 linux.<\/p>\n
\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043c \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432:<\/p>\n
ls -lt | head -n 5<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u0421 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b xargs \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043a:<\/p>\n
echo test\/ tmp\/ | xargs -n 1 cp -v testfile.sh<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 -n 1 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440, \u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f -v \u0432 cp \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u0415\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 – \u044d\u0442\u043e tee. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440:<\/p>\n
echo "\u0422\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b tee" | tee file1<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u0412 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c – \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 Linux. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435, \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1501,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[211],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12694","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-terminal"],"blocksy_meta":[],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"uk","enabled_languages":["ru","uk"],"languages":{"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"yoast_head":"\n
\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 Linux<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/perenapravlenie-vvoda-vyvoda-linux\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"uk_UA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 Linux\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/perenapravlenie-vvoda-vyvoda-linux\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"LinuxTheBest\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/UserAndLINUX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-08-27T11:31:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-08-27T11:33:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/wiki.dieg.info\/_media\/process_stdin_stdout_stderr_return-code.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"ViGo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@UserAndLINUX\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@UserAndLINUX\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"ViGo\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b. \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 \u0445\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/linuxthebest.net\\\/uk\\\/perenapravlenie-vvoda-vyvoda-linux\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/linuxthebest.net\\\/uk\\\/perenapravlenie-vvoda-vyvoda-linux\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"ViGo\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/linuxthebest.net\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/04b999a1ca3dcb92f80611ae9a4e29d1\"},\"headline\":\"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 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- STDOUT \u0438\u043b\u0438 1<\/strong>\u00a0– \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b. \u041e\u043d \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u0442\u043e \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430;<\/li>\n
![](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/losst.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/pipe-1024x512.png?resize=740%2C370&ssl=1\")
<\/p>\n![](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/losst.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/pipe1-1024x480.png?resize=740%2C347&ssl=1\")
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