{"id":11979,"date":"2016-07-12T16:49:50","date_gmt":"2016-07-12T14:49:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/?p=11979"},"modified":"2020-07-12T16:53:05","modified_gmt":"2020-07-12T14:53:05","slug":"sovety-po-proverke-i-zashhite-serverov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/uk\/sovety-po-proverke-i-zashhite-serverov\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e Linux-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d? \u0423\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438? \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u2013 \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0435\u0451 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
\n

\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043c, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Ubuntu, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0435-\u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n

\u258d\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443<\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0412\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443. \u0414\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b lastlog.<\/p>\n

$>lastlog<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u258d\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0412\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434, \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438:<\/p>\n
$><span class="hljs-keyword">history<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b \u2013 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b history.<\/p>\n
\u258d\u0416\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b auth.log<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \/var\/log\/auth.log. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b:<\/p>\n
$>sudo <span class="hljs-keyword">vi<\/span> \/var\/<span class="hljs-built_in">log<\/span>\/auth.<span class="hljs-built_in">log<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u043e SSH.<\/p>\n
\u258dIP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430, \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443, \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439:<\/p>\n
$>zgrep sshd \/var\/<span class="hljs-keyword">log<\/span>\/auth.<span class="hljs-keyword">log<\/span>* | <span class="hljs-keyword">grep<\/span> rhost | sed -re <span class="hljs-string">'s\/.*rhost=([^ ]+).*\/\\1\/'<\/span> | <span class="hljs-keyword">sort<\/span> \u2013u<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u258d\u0416\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b Apache<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b Apache:<\/p>\n
$>sudo vi \/var\/<span class="hljs-keyword">log<\/span>\/apache2\/access.<span class="hljs-keyword">log<\/span>\n$>sudo vi \/var\/<span class="hljs-keyword">log<\/span>\/apache2\/<span class="hljs-keyword">error<\/span>.<span class="hljs-keyword">log<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u258d\u041f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439:<\/p>\n
$><span class="hljs-keyword">ps<\/span> aux | less<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u258d\u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 cron<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 cron, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0432\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451.<\/p>\n
$>crontab -l | <span class="hljs-keyword">grep<\/span> -v \u2018^<span class="hljs-comment">#\u2019<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u041d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430, \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u2013 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430.<\/p>\n
\u0417\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430<\/span><\/h3>\n
\u0420\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n
\u258d\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 root-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e SSH<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434 root-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e SSH.<\/p>\n
$>sudo <span class="hljs-keyword">vi<\/span> \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\nPermitRootLogin <span class="hljs-keyword">no<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u258d\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 unattended-upgrades. \u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c:<\/p>\n
$>sudo apt-<span class="hljs-keyword">get<\/span> install unattended-upgrades<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u2013 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430:<\/p>\n
$>sudo dpkg-reconfigure -plow unattended-upgrades<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u041f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e:<\/p>\n
$>sudo unattended-upgrade<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u258d\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 fail2ban. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 SSH-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c<\/a>\u00a0\u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e\u00a0\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435<\/a>\u00a0\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043e\u0432.
\n\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437 fail2ban \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0439 IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441, \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439:<\/p>\n
$>sudo awk '($(NF-1) = \/Ban\/){<span class="hljs-keyword">print<\/span> <span class="hljs-variable">$NF}<\/span>' \/<span class="hljs-keyword">var<\/span>\/<span class="hljs-keyword">log<\/span>\/fail2ban.<span class="hljs-keyword">log<\/span> | <span class="hljs-keyword">sort<\/span> | uniq -c | <span class="hljs-keyword">sort<\/span> \u2013<span class="hljs-keyword">n<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 fail2ban, \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435:<\/p>\n
$>sudo zgrep -<span class="hljs-keyword">h<\/span> <span class="hljs-string">"Ban "<\/span>\/<span class="hljs-keyword">var<\/span>\/<span class="hljs-keyword">log<\/span>\/fail2ban.<span class="hljs-keyword">log<\/span>* | awk '{<span class="hljs-keyword">print<\/span> <span class="hljs-variable">$NF}<\/span>' | <span class="hljs-keyword">sort<\/span> | uniq \u2013c<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430:<\/p>\n
$>sudo zgrep -<span class="hljs-keyword">h<\/span> <span class="hljs-string">"Ban "<\/span> \/<span class="hljs-keyword">var<\/span>\/<span class="hljs-keyword">log<\/span>\/fail2ban.<span class="hljs-keyword">log<\/span>* | awk '{<span class="hljs-keyword">print<\/span> <span class="hljs-variable">$NF}<\/span>' | awk -F\\. '{<span class="hljs-keyword">print<\/span> <span class="hljs-variable">$1<\/span><span class="hljs-string">"."<\/span><span class="hljs-variable">$2<\/span><span class="hljs-string">"."<\/span>}' | <span class="hljs-keyword">sort<\/span> | uniq -c | <span class="hljs-keyword">sort<\/span> -<span class="hljs-keyword">n<\/span> | tail<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e, \u0435\u0451 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n
\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a sshd-\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 221.229.*.*:<\/p>\n
$>sudo iptables -I INPUT -<span class="hljs-selector-tag">p<\/span> tcp -s <span class="hljs-number">221.229<\/span>.<span class="hljs-number">0.0<\/span>\/<span class="hljs-number">255.255<\/span>.<span class="hljs-number">0.0<\/span> --dport ssh -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 iptables, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439:<\/p>\n
$>sudo iptables -vnL <span class="hljs-keyword">INPUT<\/span> --<span class="hljs-keyword">line<\/span>-numbers<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 iptables \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 Ubuntu \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 iptables-persistent.<\/p>\n
$>sudo apt-<span class="hljs-built_in">get<\/span> install iptables-persistent\n$><span class="hljs-keyword">cat<\/span> \/etc\/iptables\/rules.v4<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 iptables, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443:<\/p>\n
$>sudo bash -<span class="hljs-built_in">c<\/span> <span class="hljs-string">"iptables-save \u00a0> \/etc\/iptables\/rules.v4"<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0424\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e Linux-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d? \u0423\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438? \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u2013 \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0435\u0451 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1501,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[211],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-terminal"],"blocksy_meta":[],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"uk","enabled_languages":["ru","uk"],"languages":{"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"yoast_head":"\n\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/sovety-po-proverke-i-zashhite-serverov\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"uk_UA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/sovety-po-proverke-i-zashhite-serverov\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"LinuxTheBest\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/UserAndLINUX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-07-12T14:49:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-07-12T14:53:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/linuxthebest.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/sh_hacker-in-hoodie1500px-1000x558-1.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"ViGo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@UserAndLINUX\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@UserAndLINUX\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"ViGo\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b. \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 \u0445\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-07-12T14:49:50+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-07-12T14:53:05+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/linuxthebest.net\\\/sovety-po-proverke-i-zashhite-serverov\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":414,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/linuxthebest.net\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/linuxthebest.net\\\/sovety-po-proverke-i-zashhite-serverov\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/linuxthebest.net\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/07\\\/sh_hacker-in-hoodie1500px-1000x558-1.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"\u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438\"],\"inLanguage\":\"uk\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/linuxthebest.net\\\/sovety-po-proverke-i-zashhite-serverov\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/linuxthebest.net\\\/sovety-po-proverke-i-zashhite-serverov\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/linuxthebest.net\\\/sovety-po-proverke-i-zashhite-serverov\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b 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